Unit 1 Study Guide
Bio 2420 Intro to Microbiology
R. Rohde
After completing Chapter
1, you should be able to:
1.
Define the following terms:
a. microbe
g. pathogenic
b. mycology h. decomposers
c. parasitology
i.
asepsis
d. virology
j.
chemotherapy
e. spontaneous generation k. microbiology
f. biogenesis
2.
Identify contributions made to microbiology by the following:
a. Anton van Leeuwenhoek
g.
Watson & Crick
b. Paul Ehrlich
h.
Salk
c. Louis Pasteur
i.
Semmelweis
d. Edward Jenner
j. Oliver Wendell Holmes
e. Joseph Lister
f. Robert Koch
3.
Explain the Germ Theory of Disease and Koch's Postulates. How do they
relate?
4. Name the major groups of organisms studied in microbiology.
5. Describe the naming of microbes according to the system of
binomial nomenclature.
List some of the types of classification systems and their
differences.
6.
Define the importance of the scientific method
with respect to the theory of spontaneous generation.
After completing Chapter
3, you will be able to:
1.
Describe how the following types of
microscopes are used to study microbes:
a. brightfield
d. fluorescence
b. darkfield
e. electron
(TEM & SEM)
c. phase-contrast
2.
Distinguish between simple and differential biological stains and list the four
major steps of the Gram stain.
3.
Explain the following terms:
a. pure culture
g. broth
b. smear
h. colony
c. aseptic technique i. mixed
culture
d. streak plate
j.
lyophilization
e. agar
k. incubation
f. inoculation
l.
anaerobic/aerobic
4. Distinguish between chemically defined, complex and living media. Describe selective, differential, and enrichment media.
5. List and define the five methods of culturing microorganisms (Five I's).
6. List, label, and define the major parts of a typical compound microscope.
After completing Chapter
4, you should be able to:
1.
Explain the basic shapes and groupings of
bacteria (morphological characteristics).
2.
Distinguish between eucaryotic and
procaryotic cells with regard to size, presence or absence of organelles, type of nuclear
region, and structure of cell surface layers, etc.
3.
Identify and give the function of each of these procaryotic structures:
a. capsule
g. ribosome
b. cell wall
h.
ribosome
c. cell membrane
i.
endospores
d. periplasm
j.
glycocalyx
e. flagella
f. pili (fimbriae)
4.
Distinguish between Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria cell walls.
After completing Chapter 7, you should be able to:
1.
Define the following terms:
a. binary fission g. microaerophile
b. thermophiles
h. organic
growth factors
c. halophile
i.
doubling time
d. mesophile
j.
strict anaerobe
e. trace elements k. facultative
anaerobe
f. strict aerobe
l. psychrophile
2.
Explain the bacterial growth curve and each
stage.
3.
List the factors necessary for bacterial
growth and indicate the purpose of each one.
4.
Explain how various temperatures, oxygen
states, and pH are maintained in the lab.
After completing Chapter
8, you should be able to:
1. Briefly describe metabolism in microbes with respect to the flow of materials.
2.
Define the following terms:
a. anabolism
e. ATP
b. catabolism
f.
enzymes
c. aerobic respiration
g. pathways
d. fermentation
h. anaaerobic
respiration
3.
Describe the various nutritional classes of microbes.
After completing Chapter
9, you should be able to:
1.
Define replication versus gene expression
with regard to genetics.
2.
Describe the processes involving DNA
replication and gene expression (transcription and translation).
3.
Explain how the microbial genome changes by
mutation. List some examples of the types of
mutations
that may occur.
4.
Explain the processes by which microbial
genetic information can be transfered or exchanged and the
effect.
***Each chapter in the textbook, student study guide, and my website notes section has additional review questions and study hints!!